In computer networks, jumbo frames refer to Ethernet frames whose payload exceeds the limit of 1500 Bytes by the IEEE 802.3 standard, and are specifically designed for Gigabit Ethernet. Generally, the segment from 1500Byte to 9000Byte is called: jumbo frames, and then from 9000Byte to 64000Byte is called Super jumbo frames. Jumbo frames improve data transmission efficiency by sending a bigger frame of data instead of the standard one. The standard data frame has 1500 MTU size and the jumbo frame is typically set at 9000 MTU value size when enabled. Each manufacturer has different settings. For example, Ankmax UC31G2 USB 3.1 to 2.5GbE adapter has 4088Bytes, 9014Bytes, 16128Bytes and so on.Jumbo frame improves data transmission in two ways. First each frames sent have “overheads” or information regarding those frame. By sending out a jumbo frame instead of standard, you end up sending out more data with the same amount of overhead. The second way is that by sending a bigger amount o...
Communication drivers: AHCI vs NVMe Communication drivers are used by operating systems to communicate data with storage devices. NVMe drivers are faster than AHCI drivers, which are commonly found in SATA interfaces. • NVMe is designed specifically for SSDs with flash technology, making it faster than AHCI drivers that were designed for common hard drives with spinning disk technology. • While NVMe has 64K command queues and can send 64K commands per queue, AHCI has only one command queue and can send only thirty-two commands per queue. • With AHCI drivers, commands utilise high CPU cycles with a latency of 6 microseconds while NVMe driver commands utilise low CPU cycles with a latency of 2.8 microseconds. The NVMe driver communicates directly with the system CPU but the AHCI must communicate with the SATA controller. The AHCI has IOPS (Input/Output Operations Per Second) of up to 100K while the NVMe has IOPS of over 1 million. IOPS (Input/...
Comments
Post a Comment